Integrated circuit package-on-package stacking system

ABSTRACT

An integrated circuit package-on-package stacking system is provided including, forming a leadframe interposer including: forming a leadframe; forming a molded base on the leadframe; and singulating the leadframe interposer from the leadframe.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates generally to integrated circuit packagesystems, and more particularly to a system for integrated circuitpackage systems having stacked packages.

BACKGROUND ART

In order to interface an integrated circuit with other circuitry, it iscommon to mount it on a lead frame or substrate. Each integrated circuithas bonding pads that are individually connected to the lead frame'slead finger pads using extremely fine gold or aluminum wires. Theassemblies are then packaged by individually encapsulating them inmolded plastic or ceramic bodies to create an integrated circuitpackage.

Integrated circuit packaging technology has seen an increase in thenumber of integrated circuits mounted on a single circuit board orsubstrate. The new packaging designs are more compact in form factors,such as the physical size and shape of an integrated circuit, andproviding a significant increase in overall integrated circuit density.However, integrated circuit density continues to be limited by the “realestate” available for mounting individual integrated circuits on asubstrate. Even larger form factor systems, such as PC's, computeservers, and storage servers, need more integrated circuits in the sameor smaller “real estate”. Particularly acute, the needs for portablepersonal electronics, such as cell phones, digital cameras, musicplayers, PDA's, and location-based devices, have further driven the needfor integrated circuit density.

This increased integrated circuit density, has led to the development ofmulti-chip packages in which more than one integrated circuit can bepackaged. Each package provides mechanical support for the individualintegrated circuits and one or more layers of interconnect lines thatenable the integrated circuits to be connected electrically tosurrounding circuitry. Current multi-chip packages, also commonlyreferred to as multi-chip modules, typically consist of a PCB substrateonto which a set of separate integrated circuit components is directlyattached. Such multi-chip packages have been found to increaseintegrated circuit density and miniaturization, improve signalpropagation speed, reduce overall integrated circuit size and weight,improve performance, and lower costs—all primary goals of the computerindustry.

Multi-chip packages whether vertically or horizontally arranged, canalso present problems because they usually must be pre-assembled beforethe integrated circuit and integrated circuit connections can be tested.Thus, when integrated circuits are mounted and connected in a multi-chipmodule, individual integrated circuits and connections cannot be testedindividually, and it is not possible to identify known-good-die (“KGD”)before being assembled into larger circuits. Consequently, conventionalmulti-chip packages lead to assembly process yield problems. Thisfabrication process, which does not identify KGD, is therefore lessreliable and more prone to assembly defects.

Moreover, vertically stacked integrated circuits in typical multi-chippackages can present problems beyond those of horizontally arrangedintegrated circuit packages, further complicating the manufacturingprocess. It is more difficult to test and thus determine the actualfailure mode of the individual integrated circuits. Moreover thesubstrate and integrated circuit are often damaged during assembly ortesting, complicating the manufacturing process and increasing costs.The vertically stacked integrated circuit problems can be greater thanthe benefits.

There are design limitations presented by package stacks as well. Inmany of the stacked structures, the top package is not able to havesystem interconnects in the center as this area is usually consumed bythe plastic package cover of the lower device. In the push for moreintegrated function, this limitation may stop a design from using thepackage type. Package overlaps have long been a barrier to additionalinterconnects, which can be a problem in a device that has a high numberof interconnects around the outside of the package.

Thus, a need still remains for improved packaging methods, systems anddesigns. In view of the shrinking size of consumer electronics and thedemand for more sophisticated functions in the restricted space, it isincreasingly critical that answers be found to these problems. In viewof the ever increasing commercial competitive pressures, increasingconsumer expectations, and diminishing opportunities for meaningfulproduct differentiation in the marketplace, it is increasingly criticalthat answers be found to these problems. Moreover, the ever-increasingneed to save costs, improve efficiencies, and meet such competitivepressures adds even greater urgency to the critical necessity thatanswers be found to these problems.

Solutions to these problems have been long sought but prior developmentshave not taught or suggested any solutions and, thus, solutions to theseproblems have long eluded those skilled in the art.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides an integrated circuit package-on-packagestacking system comprising, forming a leadframe interposer including:forming a leadframe, forming a molded base on the leadframe, andsingulating the leadframe interposer from the leadframe; providing abase integrated circuit package with the leadframe interposer mountedthereon; and providing an upper integrated circuit package on theleadframe interposer.

Certain embodiments of the invention have other aspects in addition toor in place of those mentioned above. The aspects will become apparentto those skilled in the art from a reading of the following detaileddescription when taken with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated circuitpackage-on-package stacking system, in an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a leadframe interposer for a package-on-packagestacking system, in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the leadframe interposer of FIG. 2along section line 3-3, before lead bending;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the leadframe interposer of FIG. 2along section line 3-3, after lead bending;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a leadframe for the package-on-package stackingsystem, in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of an offset interposer for a package-on-packagestacking system in an alternative embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the offset interposer of FIG. 6along section line 7-7;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the integrated circuitpackage-on-package stacking system, in an alternative embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated circuitpackage-on-package stacking system, in another alternative embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated circuitpackage-on-package stacking system, in yet another alternativeembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated circuitpackage-on-package stacking system, in still yet another alternativeembodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 12 is a flow chart of a package-on-package stacking system formanufacturing a package-on-package stacking system in an embodiment ofthe present invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The following embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enablethose skilled in the art to make and use the invention. It is to beunderstood that other embodiments would be evident based on the presentdisclosure, and that process or mechanical changes may be made withoutdeparting from the scope of the present invention.

In the following description, numerous specific details are given toprovide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will beapparent that the invention may be practiced without these specificdetails. In order to avoid obscuring the present invention, somewell-known circuits, system configurations, and process steps are notdisclosed in detail.

Likewise, the drawings showing embodiments of the system aresemi-diagrammatic and not to scale and, particularly, some of thedimensions are for the clarity of presentation and are shown greatlyexaggerated in the drawing FIGS. In addition, where multiple embodimentsare disclosed and described having some features in common, for clarityand ease of illustration, description, and comprehension thereof,similar and like features one to another will ordinarily be describedwith like reference numerals.

For expository purposes, the term “horizontal” as used herein is definedas a plane parallel to the plane or surface of the package substrate,regardless of its orientation. The term “vertical” refers to a directionperpendicular to the horizontal as just defined. Terms, such as “above”,“below”, “bottom”, “top”, “side” (as in “sidewall”), “higher”, “lower”,“upper”, “over”, and “under”, are defined with respect to the horizontalplane. The term “on” means there is direct contact among elements. Theterm “system” means the method and the apparatus of the presentinvention. The term “processing” as used herein includes stamping,forging, patterning, exposure, development, etching, cleaning, and/orremoval of the material or laser trimming as required in forming adescribed structure.

Referring now to FIG. 1, therein is shown a cross-sectional view of anintegrated circuit package-on-package stacking system 100, in anembodiment of the present invention. The cross-sectional view of theintegrated circuit package-on-package stacking system 100 depicts a baseintegrated circuit package 102, such as a ball grid array package or aland grid array package, having a base substrate 104 with a base topsurface 106 and a base bottom surface 108. A first integrated circuit110 is mounted on the base top surface 106 with an adhesive 112, such asdie attach material. The first integrated circuit 110 is coupled to thebase top surface 106 by electrical interconnects 114, such as bondwires, solder bumps, solder columns or stud bumps. A base package body116, such as molding compound, is injection molded around the firstintegrated circuit 110, the electrical interconnects 114 and a portionof the base top surface 106. System interconnects 118, such as solderballs, solder column interposers or stud bumps, are attached to the basebottom surface 108 for attachment to the next level of system (notshown). An array of a contact pad 120 is distributed in an area aroundthe base package body 116.

A leadframe interposer 122 includes outer leads 124 supported by amolded base 126 that is on the base package body 116. The leadframeinterposer 122 is a redistribution layer for signals that wouldotherwise be unavailable to the system (not shown). An upper integratedcircuit package 128, having an upper substrate 130 with a top surface132 and a bottom surface 134, is mounted in a centered position on theleadframe interposer 122. The upper integrated circuit package 128 has asecond integrated circuit 136 mounted on the top surface 132 with theadhesive 112. The second integrated circuit 136 is coupled to the topsurface 132 by the electrical interconnects 114. An upper package body138, such as the molding compound, is injection molded over the secondintegrated circuit 136, the top surface 132 and the electricalinterconnects 114. The system interconnects 118 are attached to thebottom surface 134, of the upper substrate 130. The upper integratedcircuit package 128 is mounted on the base integrated circuit package102, so that the bottom surface 134 of the upper substrate 130 rests onthe leadframe interposer 122 and the system interconnects 118. Theleadframe interposer 122 provides additional interconnect paths betweenthe upper substrate 130 and the base substrate 104.

Referring now to FIG. 2, therein is shown a top view of the leadframeinterposer 122 for the integrated circuit package-on-package stackingsystem 100, in an embodiment of the present invention. The top view ofthe leadframe interposer 122 depicts signal contacts 202 in an array,having the outer leads 124 supported by the molded base 126. A sectionline 3-3 indicates the portion of the leadframe interposer 122 displayedin FIG. 3. The configuration shown is a four by four array of the signalcontacts 202, but this is an example only and the actual number ofcontacts in the array may be different.

Referring now to FIG. 3, therein is shown a cross-sectional view of theleadframe interposer 122 of FIG. 2 along section line 3-3, before leadbending. The cross-sectional view of the leadframe interposer 122depicts the signal contacts 202 and the outer leads 124 in a coplanarposition. The molded base 126 maintains the relative position of thesignal contacts 202 and the outer leads 124. The outer leads 124 may beconfigured to elevate the molded base 126 to various levels to meet therequirements of different packages.

Referring now to FIG. 4, therein is shown a cross-sectional view of theleadframe interposer 122 of FIG. 2 along section line 3-3, after leadbending. The cross-sectional view of the leadframe interposer 122depicts the outer leads 124 having been bent to support a stack-upheight 402 for the base package body 116, of FIG. 1, targeted for theconfiguration. An extension base 404 is formed on the outer leads 124.The position of the bend for the extension base 404 determines thestack-up height 402 of the molded base 126 and provides a contactsurface for connection to the base integrated circuit package 102, ofFIG. 1.

Referring now to FIG. 5, therein is shown a top view of a leadframe 500for the package-on-package stacking system, in an embodiment of thepresent invention. The top view of the leadframe 500 depicts four of theleadframe interposer 122, in an unprocessed state. The leadframe 500 isetched, punched or forged from a sheet of conductive material, such ascopper, tin, zinc, or an alloy of either copper, tin, or zinc. Theleadframe 500 may be plated with other metals, such as gold. Each of theouter leads 124 is supported by a frame piece 502 and a dam bar 504. Thedam bar 504 is supported by tie bars 506.

The dam bar 504 acts as a barrier to seal an injection mold (not shown)during the formation of the molded base 126, of FIG. 1. The position ofthe dam bar 504 defines the extent of the molded base 126. After themolding process is completed, the dam bar 504, the tie bars 506 and theframe piece 502 are removed from the leadframe interposer 122.

Referring now to FIG. 6, therein is shown a top view of an offsetinterposer 600 for a package-on-package stacking system in analternative embodiment of the present invention. The top view of theoffset interposer 600 depicts the signal contacts 202 in an array,having the outer leads 124 supported by the molded base 126. A sectionline 7-7 indicates the portion of the offset interposer 600 displayed inFIG. 7. The configuration shown is a two by four array of the signalcontacts 202, but this is an example only and the actual number ofcontacts in the array may be different.

Referring now to FIG. 7, therein is shown a cross-sectional view of theoffset interposer 600 of FIG. 6 along section line 7-7. Thecross-sectional view of the offset interposer 600 depicts the outerleads 124 having been bent to support a stack-up height 702 for the basepackage body 116, of FIG. 1, targeted for the configuration. Anextension base 704 is formed on the outer leads 124. The position of thebend for the extension base 704 determines the stack-up height 702 ofthe molded base 126 and provides a contact surface for connection to thebase integrated circuit package 102, of FIG. 1.

Referring now to FIG. 8, therein is shown a cross-sectional view of anintegrated circuit package-on-package stacking system 800, in analternative embodiment of the present invention. The cross-sectionalview of the integrated circuit package-on-package stacking system 800depicts a base integrated circuit package 802, such as a ball grid arraypackage or a land grid array package, having a base substrate 804 with abase top surface 806 and a base bottom surface 808. A first integratedcircuit 810 is mounted on the base top surface 806 with the adhesive112, such as die attach material. The first integrated circuit 810 iscoupled to the base top surface 806 by the electrical interconnects 114,such as bond wires, solder bumps, solder columns or stud bumps. A basepackage body 816, such as molding compound, is injection molded aroundthe first integrated circuit 810, the electrical interconnects 114 and aportion of the base top surface 806. The system interconnects 118, suchas solder balls, solder column interposers or stud bumps, are attachedto the base bottom surface 808 for attachment to the next level ofsystem (not shown). An array of a contact pad 820 is distributed in anarea around the base package body 816.

The offset interposer 600 includes outer leads 124 supported by themolded base 126 that is on the base package body 816. An upperintegrated circuit package 828, such as a quad flatpack no-lead (QFN),ball grid array, or land grid array, having an upper substrate 830 witha top surface 832 and a bottom surface 834, is mounted in an offsetposition on the offset interposer 600. The upper integrated circuitpackage 828 has a second integrated circuit 836 mounted on the topsurface 832 with the adhesive 112. The second integrated circuit 836 iscoupled to the top surface 832 by the electrical interconnects 114. Anupper package body 838, such as the molding compound, is injectionmolded over the second integrated circuit 836, the top surface 832 andthe electrical interconnects 114. The system interconnects 118 areattached to the bottom surface 834, of the upper substrate 830. Theupper integrated circuit package 828 is mounted on the base integratedcircuit package 802, so that the bottom surface 834 of the uppersubstrate 830 rests on the offset interposer 600 and the systeminterconnects 118. The offset interposer 600 provides additionalinterconnect paths between the upper substrate 830 and the basesubstrate 804.

Referring now to FIG. 9, therein is shown a cross-sectional view of anintegrated circuit package-on-package stacking system 900, in anotheralternative embodiment of the present invention. The cross-sectionalview of the integrated circuit package-on-package stacking system 900depicts the base integrated circuit package 802 having an extendedinterposer 902 mounted on the base package body 816. The upperintegrated circuit package 828 is supported by and electricallyconnected to the extended interposer 902 and the system interconnects118. The extended interposer 902 has additional contact pads 904 thatmay be used to mount an integrated circuit package 906, such as a QFN,land grid array, or a leaded package with gull-wing or J leads.

Referring now to FIG. 10, therein is shown a cross-sectional view of anintegrated circuit package-on-package stacking system 1000, in yetanother alternative embodiment of the present invention. Thecross-sectional view of the integrated circuit package-on-packagestacking system 1000 depicts the base integrated circuit package 802having an extended interposer 1002 mounted on the base package body 816.The upper integrated circuit package 828 is supported by andelectrically connected to the extended interposer 1002 and the systeminterconnects 118. The extended interposer 1002 has additional contactpads 1004 that may be used to mount a flipchip integrated circuit 1006.An underfill material 1008 is used to protect die interconnects 1010,such as solder balls, stud bumps, or solder columns.

Referring now to FIG. 11, therein is shown a cross-sectional view of anintegrated circuit package-on-package stacking system 1100, in still yetanother alternative embodiment of the present invention. Thecross-sectional view of the integrated circuit package-on-packagestacking system 1100 depicts the base integrated circuit package 802having an extended interposer 1102 mounted on the base package body 816.The upper integrated circuit package 828 is supported by andelectrically connected to the extended interposer 1102 and the systeminterconnects 118. The extended interposer 1102 has additional contactpads 1104 that may be used to mount a discrete component 1106, such as apassive component or an active component.

Referring now to FIG. 12, therein is shown a flow chart of an integratedcircuit package-on-package stacking system 1200, for manufacturing anintegrated circuit package-on-package stacking system 100 in anembodiment of the present invention. The system 1200 includes forming aleadframe interposer including: forming a leadframe, forming a moldedbase on the leadframe, and singulating the leadframe interposer from theleadframe in a block 1202; providing a base integrated circuit packagewith the leadframe interposer mounted thereon in a block 1204; andproviding an upper integrated circuit package on the leadframeinterposer in a block 1206.

It has been discovered that the present invention thus has numerousaspects.

A principle aspect that has been unexpectedly discovered is that thepresent invention provides a signal redistribution layer for contacts,in an integrated circuit package stack, that are over the cover of thelower integrated circuit. Historically these contacts had to be moved tothe outer perimeter causing increased contact density and a larger footprint of the package.

Another aspect is the leadframe interposer allows shorter signal pathswhich can benefit critical signals.

Yet another important aspect of the present invention is that itvaluably supports and services the historical trend of reducing costs,simplifying systems, and increasing performance.

These and other valuable aspects of the present invention consequentlyfurther the state of the technology to at least the next level.

Thus, it has been discovered that the integrated circuitpackage-on-package stacking system of the present invention furnishesimportant and heretofore unknown and unavailable solutions,capabilities, and functional aspects for developing and manufacturingpackage-on-package stacked solutions. The resulting processes andconfigurations are straightforward, cost-effective, uncomplicated,highly versatile and effective, can be surprisingly and unobviouslyimplemented by adapting known technologies, and are thus readily suitedfor efficiently and economically manufacturing package-on-packagestacked devices fully compatible with conventional manufacturingprocesses and technologies. The resulting processes and configurationsare straightforward, cost-effective, uncomplicated, highly versatile,accurate, sensitive, and effective, and can be implemented by adaptingknown components for ready, efficient, and economical manufacturing,application, and utilization.

While the invention has been described in conjunction with a specificbest mode, it is to be understood that many alternatives, modifications,and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light ofthe aforegoing description. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace allsuch alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within thescope of the included claims. All matters hithertofore set forth hereinor shown in the accompanying drawings are to be interpreted in anillustrative and non-limiting sense.

1. An integrated circuit package-on-package stacking system comprisingforming a leadframe interposer including: forming a leadframe; forming amolded base on the leadframe; and singulating the leadframe interposerfrom the leadframe.
 2. The system as claimed in claim 1 furthercomprising providing a signal contact on the leadframe interposer forproviding an electrical connection to an upper integrated circuitpackage.
 3. The system as claimed in claim 1 wherein singulating theleadframe interposer from the leadframe includes: cutting a dam bar fromthe leadframe; and adjusting a stack-up height by forming an outer lead.4. The system as claimed in claim 1 further comprising forming anextension base on the leadframe interposer.
 5. The system as claimed inclaim 1 further comprising providing an additional contact on anextended interposer for attaching a discrete component, an integratedcircuit package, an integrated circuit die, or a combination thereof 6.An integrated circuit package-on-package stacking system comprisingforming a leadframe interposer including: forming a leadframe having anarray of leadframe interposers; forming a molded base on the leadframeincludes forming the molded base on the leadframe interposer; andsingulating the leadframe interposer from the leadframe includes cuttingthe leadframe.
 7. The system as claimed in claim 6 further comprisingproviding a signal contact on the leadframe interposer for providing theelectrical connection to an upper integrated circuit package, in whichthe signal contact may be gold plated.
 8. The system as claimed in claim6 wherein singulating the leadframe interposer from the leadframeincludes: cutting a dam bar and cutting a frame piece from theleadframe; and adjusting a stack-up height by forming an outer leadincludes bending the outer lead in two places.
 9. The system as claimedin claim 6 further comprising forming an extension base on the leadframeinterposer includes providing an electrical contact.
 10. The system asclaimed in claim 6 further comprising providing an additional contact onan extended interposer for attaching a discrete component, an integratedcircuit package, an integrated circuit die, or a combination thereofincludes providing an additional function on the extended interposer.11. An integrated circuit package-on-package stacking system comprisinga leadframe interposer including: a leadframe; a molded base on theleadframe; and the leadframe interposer singulated from the leadframe.12. The system as claimed in claim 11 further comprising a signalcontact on the leadframe interposer for an electrical connection of anupper integrated circuit package.
 13. The system as claimed in claim 11wherein the leadframe interposer singulated from the leadframe includes:a dam bar cut from the leadframe; and a stack-up height adjusted byforming an outer lead.
 14. The system as claimed in claim 11 furthercomprising an extension base formed on the leadframe interposer.
 15. Thesystem as claimed in claim 11 further comprising an additional contacton an extended interposer for a discrete component, an integratedcircuit package, an integrated circuit die, or a combination thereof.16. The system as claimed in claim 11 further comprising: an electricalconnection between the leadframe interposer and a base integratedcircuit package; and the electrical connection between an upperintegrated circuit package and the base integrated circuit packagethrough the leadframe interposer.
 17. The system as claimed in claim 16further comprising a signal contact on the leadframe interposer for theelectrical connection to the upper integrated circuit package, in whichthe signal contact may be gold plated.
 18. The system as claimed inclaim 16 wherein the leadframe interposer singulated from the leadframeincludes: a dam bar and a frame piece cut from the leadframe; and astack-up height adjusted by an outer lead bent in two places.
 19. Thesystem as claimed in claim 16 further comprising an extension baseformed on the leadframe interposer for the electrical contact to thebase integrated circuit package.
 20. The system as claimed in claim 16further comprising an additional contact on an extended interposer for adiscrete component, an integrated circuit package, an integrated circuitdie, or a combination thereof includes an additional function on theextended interposer.